China’s National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) reported positive changes in key economic indicators for September, signaling a potential recovery in the world’s second-largest economy. The data offered some relief to investors after months of sluggish growth, though concerns about the sustainability of this rebound remain.

Industrial production rose by 4.5% year-on-year, beating expectations and reflecting improved factory output. Retail sales also showed stronger-than-expected growth, rising 5.5% compared to the previous year. These figures suggest that domestic demand may be picking up, helped by various government measures aimed at stabilizing the economy.

However, despite these optimistic signals, challenges persist. China’s property market continues to struggle, with developers facing mounting debt and declining home sales. This has left some economists questioning whether the broader economy can sustain this momentum without further stimulus.

“While the September data shows encouraging signs, we still see structural issues in key sectors like real estate,” said John Liu, senior economist at ABC Economics. “The government may need to introduce more targeted policies to ensure long-term growth.”

The global economic environment also remains uncertain, particularly as demand for Chinese exports weakens amid slower growth in the U.S. and Europe. This could limit China’s ability to maintain its current pace of recovery, even with improving domestic conditions.

For now, investors are cautiously optimistic, waiting to see if these positive trends will continue in the coming months, or if further challenges will dampen the recovery.